Typhus

You can catch typhus if you're bitten by infected lice, mites or fleas. These are often found on small animals like mice, rats, cats, dogs, and squirrels.

People can also carry them on their clothes, skin or hair.

Typhus is mainly found in parts of Africa, South America and Asia, especially in places where:

• hygiene is poor
• there are overcrowded living conditions
• there are lots of bushes and grassland

There's no vaccine to prevent typhus, but you can reduce the risk of getting infected.

• use insect repellent that contains DEET

• wear long-sleeved shirts and trousers

• wash and shower regularly

• wash and change your clothes regularly

• do not wear clothing or use bedding that might be infected with body lice

Symptoms of typhus include:

• a high temperature
• headache
• a rash, which may be harder to see on black or brown skin
• feeling sick or being sick
• feeling generally unwell

You have symptoms of typhus and:

• you've recently returned from abroad
• you're travelling abroad

If you're in England, see a GP, call 111 or get help from 111 online .

If you're abroad, check your travel insurance for how to get medical help while you're away, or check the health advice for the country you're visiting on GOV.UK .

It's important to get diagnosed early so treatment can be started as soon as possible. If typhus is not treated quickly, it can sometimes be life-threatening.

If a doctor thinks you could have typhus, they'll usually suggest a blood test or skin biopsy.

Antibiotics are used to treat a typhus infection. They're usually started before you get your test result, as this can take up to a week.

Most people start to feel better within 48 hours of starting treatment. It's important to keep taking your antibiotics until they're finished, even if you feel better.

People with severe typhus may need to be treated in hospital.

Typhus is spread through lice, mites or flea bites. It's very rare in the UK.

Things you can do to reduce the chance of getting typhus include using insect repellent and washing yourself and your clothes regularly.

Symptoms of typhus can include a high temperature, headache, a rash, feeling sick or being sick, and feeling generally unwell.

Typhus can be treated with antibiotics. You may need to be treated in hospital if you have severe symptoms.